V2 Common Request¶

A common HTTP/HTTPS request is authenticated by its Authorization header. The following is the format of the Authorization header:

Authorization: AWS AccessKeyID:signature

To generate the signature, perform the following steps:

Construct StringToSign using request parameters.

StringToSign = HTTP-Verb + "\n" + Content-MD5 + "\n" + Content-Type + "\n" + Date + "\n" + CanonicalizedOBSHeaders + CanonicalizedResource

Table 1 describes the parameters of a request.

**Table 1** Request parameters¶
Parameter	Description
HTTP-Verb	Indicates an HTTP request method supported by OBS REST API. The value can be an HTTP verb such as PUT, GET, or DELETE.
Date	Indicates the time when the request is initiated. The value must be in RFC 1123 format. This parameter is an empty string when the x-amz-date is specified. For details, see Table 3. This parameter can be omitted if the request is for a temporarily authorized operation.
Content-Type	Indicates the content type and is used for specifying the request content type, for example, text/plain. This parameter is an empty string when the request does not contain the header. See Table 2.
Content-MD5	The MD5 digest string of the message body is calculated according to the RFC 1864 standard. That is, calculate the 128-bit binary array (the message header data encrypted with MD5) first, and then use Base 64 encoding to convert the binary data to a character string.
CanonicalizedOBSHeaders	Indicates an OBS-defined header prefixed with x-amz-, for example, x-amz-date or x-amz-acl. All characters in the OBS-defined header must be converted to lower-case letters. If a request contains multiple OBS-defined headers, the headers are organized in a dictionary order. If multiple OBS-defined headers in a request have the same prefix, combine the headers into one. For example, if headers x-amz-meta-name:name1 and x-amz-meta-name:name2 are added, combine the headers to x-amze-meta-name:name1,name2. If an OBS-defined header contains non-ASCII or unrecognizable characters, the header must be Base64 encoded. An OBS-defined header contains spaces or tabs only when necessary. Unnecessary spaces must be omitted. For example, x-amz-meta-name: name must be changed to x-amz-meta-name:name. The space between x-amz-meta-name: and name is omitted. Each OBS-defined header occupies a separate line. For details, see Table 4.
CanonicalizedResource	Indicates a requested resource. This parameter is constructed as follows: ["/" + Bucket ] + <HTTP-Request-URI, ["/" + object name]> + [subresource]. [subresource] is mandatory if any subresource exists. In virtual-style requests, the bucket name is required. In other requests, the bucket name is not required. For details, see Table 2. If a subresource (such as ?acl and ?logging) exists, the subresource must be added. The subresource includes acl, lifecycle, location, logging, notification, partNumber, policy, uploadId, uploads, versionId, versioning, versions, website, quota, storagePolicy, storageinfo, and deletebucket. For details, see Table 5.

Note that the calculation method of Content-MD5 is to first calculate the binary array encrypted by MD5, and then perform Base-64 encoding for the binary array, instead of directly encoding the 32-bit character string. The following is an example of the Java code used to calculate the Content-MD5 value:

MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
md.update(buffer);
byte[] digests = md.digest();
String md5 = Base64.encode(digests);

In the code, buffer stands for the byte stream of the message body, and digests stands for the 128-bit binary array calculated from the message body with MD5. Then the binary data is converted to the correct Content-MD5 value by Base-64 encoding.

Table 2 lists example StringToSign.

**Table 2** StringToSign generated for GET Object ACL¶
Request Header	StringToSign
GET /object.txt HTTP/1.1 Host: bucketname.obs.example.com Date: Sat, 12 Oct 2015 08:12:38 GMT	GET \n `\n` Sat, 12 Oct 2015 08:12:38 GMT\n /bucket/object.txt

**Table 3** StringToSign generated for a PUT Object request containing OBS-defined headers (1)¶
Request Header	StringToSign
PUT /object.txt HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: curl/7.15.5 Host: bucketname.obs.example.com x-amz-date:Tue, 15 Oct 2015 07:20:09 GMT content-type: text/plain Content-Length: 5913339	PUT\n `\n` `\n` x-amz-date:Tue, 15 Oct 2015 07:20:09 GMT\n /bucket/object.txt

**Table 4** StringToSign generated for a PUT Object request containing OBS-defined headers (2)¶
Request Header	StringToSign
PUT /object.txt HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: curl/7.15.5 Host: bucketname.obs.example.com Date: Mon, 14 Oct 2015 12:08:34 GMT x-amz-acl: public-read content-type: text/plain Content-Length: 5913339	PUT\n `\n` text/plain\n `\n` Mon, 14 Oct 2015 12:08:34 GMT\n x-amz-acl:public-read\n /bucket/object.txt

**Table 5** StringToSign generated for GET Object ACL¶
Request Header	StringToSign
GET /object.txt?acl HTTP/1.1 Host: bucketname.obs.example.com Date: Sat, 12 Oct 2015 08:12:38 GMT	GET \n `\n` Sat, 12 Oct 2015 08:12:38 GMT\n /bucket/object.txt?acl

Generate the signature using StringToSign and the SK.
Use the hash-based message authentication code (HMAC) algorithm to calculate the signature.
```
Signature = Base64( HMAC-SHA1( UTF-8-Encoding-Of(YourSecretAccessKeyID, StringToSign ) ) )
```

last updated: 2024-09-09 10:59 UTC - commit: d158bb08a6e3e0b54b12c9f1b034e5889067f7ae