Enabling Alarm Notifications¶
After alarm notification is enabled, you can receive alarm notifications sent by HSS to learn about security risks facing your servers and web pages. Without this function, you have to log in to the management console to view alarms.
Alarm notification settings are effective only for the current region. To receive notifications from another region, switch to that region and configure alarm notification.
Alarm notifications may be mistakenly blocked. If you have enabled notifications but not received any, check whether they have been blocked as spasms.
Enabling Alarm Notifications¶
Log in to the management console.
Click in the upper left corner of the page, select a region, and choose Security > HSS. The HSS page is displayed.
In the navigation pane, choose Installation & Configuration, and click Alarm Notifications. Table 1 describes the parameters.
¶ Notification Item
Description
Suggestion
Daily alarm notification
HSS scans the accounts, web directories, vulnerabilities, malicious programs, and key configurations in the server system at 00:00 every day, and sends the summarized detection results to the recipients you set in SMN, depending on which one you chose.
To view notification items, click View Default Daily Notification Events.
It is recommended that you receive and periodically check all the content in the daily alarm notification to eliminate risks in a timely manner.
Daily alarm notifications contain a lot of check items. If you want to send the notifications to recipients set in an SMN topic, you are advised to set the topic protocol to Email.
Real-time alarm notification
When an attacker intrudes a server, alarms are sent to the recipients you set in SMN, depending on which one you chose.
To view notification items, click View Default Real-time Notification Events.
It is recommended that you receive all the content in the real-time alarm notification and view them in time. The HSS system monitors the security of servers in real time, detects the attacker's intrusion, and sends real-time alarm notifications for you to quickly handle the problem.
Real-time alarm notifications are about urgent issues. If you want to send the notifications to recipients set in an SMN topic, you are advised to set the topic protocol to SMS.
Severity
Select the severities of alarms that you want to be notified of.
All
Masked Events
Select the events that you do not wish to be notified of.
Select events to be masked from the drop-down list box.
Determine the events to be masked based on the description in Alarm Notifications.
Select the alarm notification mode.
Use SMN topic settings
Select an available topic from the drop-down list or click View Topics and create a topic.
You can create multiple notification topics based on the O&M plan and alarm notification type to receive different types of alarm notifications. For details about topics and subscriptions, see the Simple Message Notification User Guide.
Click Apply. A message will be displayed indicating that the alarm notification is set successfully.
Alarm Notifications¶
Notification Item | Item | Description |
---|---|---|
Daily Alarm Notifications The service checks risks in your servers in the early morning every day, summarizes and collects detection results, and sends the results to your mobile phone or email box at 10:00 every day. | ||
Assets | Dangerous ports | Check for high-risk open ports and unnecessary ports. |
Vulnerabilities | Critical vulnerabilities | Detect critical vulnerabilities and fix them in a timely manner. |
Unsafe settings | Unsafe configurations | Detect unsafe settings of key applications that will probably be exploited by hackers to intrude servers. |
Common weak passwords | Detect weak passwords in MySQL, FTP, and system accounts. | |
Intrusions | Malicious programs | Check and handle detected malicious programs all in one place, including web shells, Trojan, mining software, worms, and viruses. |
Web shells | Check whether the files (often PHP and JSP files) detected by HSS in your web directories are web shells.
| |
Reverse shells | Monitor user process behaviors in real time to detect reverse shells caused by invalid connections. Reverse shells can be detected for protocols including TCP, UDP, and ICMP. | |
File privilege escalations | Check the file privilege escalations in your system. | |
Process privilege escalations | The following process privilege escalation operations can be detected:
| |
Critical file changes | Receive alarms when critical system files are modified. | |
File/Directory changes | System files and directories are monitored. When a file or directory is modified, an alarm is generated, indicating that the file or directory may be tampered with. | |
Abnormal process behaviors | Check the processes on servers, including their IDs, command lines, process paths, and behavior. Send alarms on unauthorized process operations and intrusions. The following abnormal process behavior can be detected:
| |
High-risk command execution | Check executed commands in real time and generate alarms if high-risk commands are detected. | |
Abnormal shells | Detect actions on abnormal shells, including moving, copying, and deleting shell files, and modifying the access permissions and hard links of the files. | |
Abnormal logins | Check and handle remote logins. If a user's login location is not any common login location you set, an alarm will be triggered. | |
Invalid accounts | Scan accounts on servers and list suspicious accounts in a timely manner. | |
Vulnerability escapes | The service reports an alarm if it detects container process behavior that matches the behavior of known vulnerabilities (such as Dirty COW, brute-force attack, runC, and shocker). | |
File escapes | The service reports an alarm if it detects that a container process accesses a key file directory (for example, /etc/shadow or /etc/crontab). Directories that meet the container directory mapping rules can also trigger such alarms. | |
Abnormal container processes | Container services are usually simple. If you are sure that only specific processes run in a container, you can add the processes to the whitelist of a policy, and associate the policy with the container. The service reports an alarm if it detects that a process not in the whitelist is running in the container. | |
Abnormal container startups | Check for unsafe parameter settings used during container startup. Certain startup parameters specify container permissions. If their settings are inappropriate, they may be exploited by attackers to intrude containers. | |
High-risk system calls | Users can run tasks in kernels by Linux system calls. The service reports an alarm if it detects a high-risk call, such as open_by_handle_at, ptrace, setns, and reboot. | |
Sensitive file access | Detect suspicious access behaviors (such as privilege escalation and persistence) on important files. | |
Critical third-party DDoS vulnerabilities | Detects third-party DDoS vulnerabilities that urgently need to be fixed. | |
Malicious scan | Detects abnormal scanning of server assets. | |
Mining | Detects the use of devices (computers, smartphones, tablets, or servers) to mine encrypted currencies without users' consent or knowledge. Once detected, an alarm is reported immediately. | |
Brute-force attacks | Check for brute-force attack attempts and successful brute-force attacks.
| |
Real-Time Alarm Notifications When an event occurs, an alarm notification is immediately sent. | ||
Intrusions | Malicious programs | Check and handle detected malicious programs all in one place, including web shells, Trojans, mining software, worms, and viruses. |
Web shells | Check whether the files (often PHP and JSP files) detected by HSS in your web directories are web shells.
| |
Reverse shell | Monitor user process behaviors in real time to detect reverse shells caused by invalid connections. Reverse shells can be detected for protocols including TCP, UDP, and ICMP. | |
File privilege escalations | Check the file privilege escalations in your system. | |
Process privilege escalations | The following process privilege escalation operations can be detected:
| |
Critical file changes | Receive alarms when critical system files are modified. | |
File/Directory changes | System files and directories are monitored. When a file or directory is modified, an alarm is generated, indicating that the file or directory may be tampered with. | |
Abnormal process behaviors | Check the processes on servers, including their IDs, command lines, process paths, and behavior. Send alarms on unauthorized process operations and intrusions. The following abnormal process behavior can be detected:
| |
High-risk command execution | Check executed commands in real time and generate alarms if high-risk commands are detected. | |
Abnormal shells | Detect actions on abnormal shells, including moving, copying, and deleting shell files, and modifying the access permissions and hard links of the files. | |
Exception Stat | Check and handle remote logins. If a user's login location is not any common login location you set, an alarm will be triggered. | |
Invalid accounts | Scan accounts on servers and list suspicious accounts in a timely manner. | |
Vulnerability escapes | The service reports an alarm if it detects container process behavior that matches the behavior of known vulnerabilities (such as Dirty COW, brute-force attack, runC, and shocker). | |
File escapes | The service reports an alarm if it detects that a container process accesses a key file directory (for example, /etc/shadow or /etc/crontab). Directories that meet the container directory mapping rules can also trigger such alarms. | |
Abnormal container processes | Container services are usually simple. If you are sure that only specific processes run in a container, you can add the processes to the whitelist of a policy, and associate the policy with the container. The service reports an alarm if it detects that a process not in the whitelist is running in the container. | |
Abnormal container startups | Check for unsafe parameter settings used during container startup. Certain startup parameters specify container permissions. If their settings are inappropriate, they may be exploited by attackers to intrude containers. | |
High-risk system calls | Users can run tasks in kernels by Linux system calls. The service reports an alarm if it detects a high-risk call, such as open_by_handle_at, ptrace, setns, and reboot. | |
Sensitive file access | Detect suspicious access behaviors (such as privilege escalation and persistence) on important files. | |
Critical third-party DDoS vulnerabilities | Detects third-party DDoS vulnerabilities that urgently need to be fixed. | |
Malicious scan | Detects abnormal scanning of server assets. | |
Mining | Detects the use of devices (computers, smartphones, tablets, or servers) to mine encrypted currencies without users' consent or knowledge. Once detected, an alarm is reported immediately. | |
Login | Success login | Notifications are sent to accounts that have successfully logged in. |